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 Leiobunum rotundum (Latreille, 1798), female. Photo Copyright © Arachnologische Gesellschaft e.V. [1]. | |
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Leiobunum C.L. Koch, 1839 is a greatly diverse genus of sclerosomatids with 130 species distributed in the Holarctic.
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Leiobunum - total distribution - map by Tsurusaki (1985)
Type species[]
Phalangium rotundum Latreille, 1798 (by subsequent designation Simon, 1879) - now Leiobunum rotundum (Latreille, 1798).
Taxonomy[]
[From the forthcoming Catalogue of the World Opiliones by AB Kury]:
Leiobunum C.L. Koch 1839c: 35; Davis 1934: 663 (diagn., keys to USA species); Suzuki 1976 [type species: Phalangium rotundum Latreille 1798, by subsequent designation of Simon (1879b)].
Liobunum Agassiz 1846: 203 [unjustified emendation for Leiobunum C.L. Koch, 1839]; Thorell 1876a: 465, 493; Simon 1879b: 172 (key to species); Banks 1894a: 41 (key to NY species); Banks 1894e: 162 (key to WA species); Tullgren 1906a: 210 (key to Swedish species); Lessert 1917: 10; Roewer 1923: 883 (diagn., key); Mello-Leitão 1938b: 319.
Lejobunum Doleschall 1852: 651 (incorrect subsequent spelling).
Leiobunus Meade 1855: 411 [unjustified emendation for Leiobunum C.L. Koch, 1839].
Forbesium Weed 1890: 915 [junior subjective synonym of Leiobunum C.L. Koch, 1839: implied by Weed (1893a: 538), first stated by Banks (1893b: 210); type species: Phalangium formosum Wood, 1868, by subsequent designation of Crawford (1992)].
Pseudoliobunum Müller 1914: 95 [junior subjective synonym of Leiobunum C.L. Koch, 1839 by Suzuki (1976); type species: Pseudoliobunum japanense Müller, 1914 by monotypy].
Metaliobunum Suzuki 1940b: 276 [junior subjective synonym of Leiobunum C.L. Koch, 1839 by Suzuki (1976); type species: Metaliobunum japonicum Suzuki 1940, by original designation].
Etymology[]
Leiobunum from Greek λειος (smooth) + βουνος (mound). Gender neuter. Forbesium for Prof. S.A. Forbes. Gender neuter.
Placement[]
Leiobunum originally in family Opilionidae; transferred to the Phalangiidae by Meade (1855).
Type species designation[]
C.L. Koch originally included 3 species in Leiobunum, without choosing one as type of the genus – L. rotundum, L. rupestre and L. roseum. Thorell (1876a) designated as type Opilio fasciatus Herbst 1798 (which he at the same time synonymized with Opilio hemisphaericus Herbst, 1799), but this designation is invalid because it did not refer to any of the 3 original species. A few years later, Simon (1879b) validly designated Phalangium rotundum Latreille 1798 as type.
Forbesium as a junior synonym[]
“Although currently listed as a synonym, Forbesium will probably have to be resurrected for part of the decidedly heterogeneous American "Leiobunum." Therefore, it is important to designate a type species, which has not heretofore been done. Of the two originally included species, Phalangium formosum Wood is selected here as being more likely to represent a distinct genus; the other, Forbesium hyemale Weed, 1890 (Weed 1890: 916, pl. 31) has been considered a subspecies of Leiobunum ventricosum (Wood), possibly a true Leiobunum, by Weed (1893a: 539), Davis (1934), and others.” [Crawford 1992].
Species[]
Four of the most widespread species belong to the recent named Leiobunum rupestre species group.
Central-North America[]
- Leiobunum flavum flavum Banks, 1894
Central America[]
- Leiobunum fuscum Roewer, 1910
Mexico[]
- Leiobunum alvarezi Goodnight & Goodnight, 1945
- Leiobunum bogerti Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942
- Leiobunum bolivari Goodnight & Goodnight, 1945
- Leiobunum bruchi Mello-Leitão, 1933
- Leiobunum colimae Goodnight & Goodnight, 1945
- Leiobunum consimilis Banks, 1900
- Leiobunum denticulatum Banks, 1900
- Leiobunum desertum Goodnight & Goodnight, 1944
- Leiobunum dromedarium Pickard-Cambridge, 1905
- Leiobunum guerreroensis Goodnight & Goodnight, 1946
- Leiobunum hoogstraali Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942
- Leiobunum insignitum Roewer, 1910
- Leiobunum ischionotatum ischionotatum Dugès, 1884
- Leiobunum ischionotatum luteovittatum Roewer, 1912
- Leiobunum marmoratum Pickard-Cambridge, 1905
- Leiobunum mesopunctatum Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942
- Leiobunum metallicum Roewer, 1932
- Leiobunum mexicanum Banks, 1898
- Leiobunum nigrigenum Goodnight & Goodnight, 1945
- Leiobunum nycticorpum Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942
- Leiobunum patzquarum Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942
- Leiobunum potosum Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942
- Leiobunum royali Goodnight & Goodnight, 1946
- Leiobunum tascum Goodnight & Goodnight, 1945
- Leiobunum veracruzensis Goodnight & Goodnight, 1947
- Leiobunum viridorsum Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942
USA[]
- Leiobunum aldrichi Weed, 1893
- Leiobunum annulatum Walker, 1928
- Leiobunum bimaculatum Banks, 1893
- Leiobunum bracchiolum McGhee, 1977
- Leiobunum brunnea Walker, 1928
- Leiobunum calcar (Wood, 1868)
- Leiobunum crassipalpe Banks, 1900
- Leiobunum cretatum Crosby & Bishop, 1924
- Leiobunum davisi Roewer, 1952
- Leiobunum depressum Davis, 1934
- Leiobunum elegans Weed, 1889
- Leiobunum ephippiatum Roewer, 1910
- Leiobunum escondidum Chamberlin, 1925
- Leiobunum exilipes (Wood, 1868)
- Leiobunum flavum leiopenis Davis, 1934
- Leiobunum formosum (Wood, 1868)
- Leiobunum gordoni Goodnight & Goodnight, 1945
- Leiobunum holtae McGhee, 1977
- Leiobunum nigropalpi (Wood, 1868)
- Leiobunum paessleri Roewer, 1910
- Leiobunum peninsulare Davis, 1934
- Leiobunum politum politum Weed, 1889
- Leiobunum politum magnum Weed, 1893
- Leiobunum relictum Davis, 1934
- Leiobunum speciosum Banks, 1900
- Leiobunum townsendi Weed, 1893
- Leiobunum trimaculatum Goodnight & Goodnight, 1943
- Leiobunum uxorium Crosby & Bishop, 1924
- Leiobunum ventricosum ventricosum (Wood, 1868)
- Leiobunum ventricosum hyemale (Weed, 1890)
- Leiobunum ventricosum floridanum Davis, 1934
- Leiobunum verrucosum (Wood, 1868)
- Leiobunum vittatum vittatum (Say, 1821)
- Leiobunum vittatum dorsatum (Say, 1821)
- Leiobunum vittatum minor Weed, 1893
- Leiobunum zimmermani Roewer, 1952
Eurasia[]
- Leiobunum anatolicum Roewer, 1957
- Leiobunum defectivum Rambla, 1959
- Leiobunum blackwalli Meade, 1861
- Leiobunum caporiaccoi Roewer, 1957
- Leiobunum ghigii Caporiacco, 1929
- Leiobunum glabrum L. Koch, 1869
- Leiobunum globosum Suzuki, 1976
- Leiobunum gracile (Thorell 1876)
- Leiobunum gruberi Karaman, 1996
- Leiobunum hedini Roewer, 1934
- Leiobunum heinrichi Roewer, 1957
- Leiobunum hongkongium Roewer, 1957
- Leiobunum insulare Roewer, 1957
- Leiobunum limbatum L.Koch, 1861
- Leiobunum lindbergi Roewer, 1959
- † Leiobunum longipes Menge in Koch & Berendt, 1854
- Leiobunum lusitanicum Roewer, 1923
- Leiobunum maximum maximum Roewer, 1910
- Leiobunum maximum formosum Suzuki, 1976
- Leiobunum maximum yushan Suzuki, 1976
- Leiobunum nigripalpe Simon, 1879
- Leiobunum oharai Tsurusaki, 1991
- Leiobunum potanini Schenkel, 1963
- Leiobunum religiosum Simon, 1879
- Leiobunum roseum C.L. Koch, 1839
- Leiobunum rotundum (Latreille, 1798)
- Leiobunum rubrum Suzuki, 1966
- Leiobunum rumelicum Šilhavý, 1965
- Leiobunum rupestre (Herbst, 1799)
- Leiobunum seriepunctatum Doleschall, 1852
- Leiobunum soproniense Szalay, 1951
Mediterranean[]
- Leiobunum biseriatum biseriatum Roewer, 1910
- Leiobunum coccineum Simon, 1878
- Leiobunum cupreum Simon, 1878
- Leiobunum cypricum Roewer, 1957
- Leiobunum seriatum Simon, 1878
- Leiobunum socialissimum L. Koch, 1873
Japan[]
- Leiobunum bifrons Roewer, 1957
- Leiobunum curvipalpi Roewer, 1910
- Leiobunum hiasai Suzuki, 1976
- Leiobunum hikocola Suzuki, 1966
- Leiobunum hiraiwai hiraiwai (Sato & Suzuki, 1939)
- Leiobunum hiraiwai fuji Suzuki, 1976
- Leiobunum hiraiwai izuense Suzuki, 1976
- Leiobunum hiraiwai longum Suzuki, 1976
- Leiobunum hiraiwai shiranense Suzuki, 1976
- Leiobunum japanense japanense (Müller, 1914)
- Leiobunum japanense japonicum Suzuki, 1940
- Leiobunum japonicum japonicum Müller, 1914
- Leiobunum japonicum uenoi Suzuki, 1964
- Leiobunum kohyai Suzuki, 1953
- Leiobunum manubriatum Karsch, 1881
- Leiobunum maximum distinctum Suzuki, 1973
- Leiobunum montanum montanum Suzuki, 1953
- Leiobunum montanum sobosanum Suzuki, 1976
- Leiobunum sadoense Tsurusaki, 1982
- Leiobunum simplum Suzuki, 1976
- Leiobunum tamanum Suzuki, 1958
- Leiobunum tohokuense Suzuki, 1976
- Leiobunum tsushimense Suzuki, 1976
Additional images - Gallery[]
,_female.jpg "Leiobunum rupestre (Herbst, 1799), female.jpg (95 KB)")
